Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
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Grade 321H is a modification of 321 with a controlled higher carbon content, to provide improved high temperature strength.
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A limitation with 321 is that titanium does not transfer well across a welding arc, so is not usable as a welding consumable. Grade 347 is therefore used - the niobium performs the same carbide stabilisation task but can be transferred across a welding arc. Grade 347 is therefore the standard consumable for welding 321. Grade 347 is only occasionally used as parent plate material.
Like other austenitic grades, 321 has excellent forming and welding characteristics, is readily brake or roll formed and has outstanding welding characteristics. Post-weld annealing is not required. Grade 321 also has excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures. Grade 321 does not polish well, so is not recommended for decorative applications.
Grade 304L is more readily available in most product forms, and so is generally used in preference to 321 if the requirement is simply for resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding. However 304L has lower hot strength than 321 and so is not the best choice if the requirement is resistance to an operating environment over about 500°C.
Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Equivalent to Stainless steel Grade 304 in the annealed condition, and superior if the application involves service in the 425-900°C range. Subject to pitting and crevice corrosion in warm chloride environments, and to stress corrosion cracking above about 50°C. Considered resistant to potable water with up to about 200mg/L chlorides at ambient temperatures, reducing to about 150mg/L at 60°C. Consult Atlas Technical Assistance for specific environmental recommendations.
Heat Resistance of Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 900°C and in continuous service to 925°C. These grades perform well in the 425-900°C range, and particularly where subsequent aqueous corrosive conditions are present. 321H has higher hot strength, and is particularly suitable for high temperature structural applications.
Heat Treatment of Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Solution Treatment (Annealing)
Heat to 950-1120°C and cool rapidly for maximum corrosion resistance.
Stabilising Treatment of Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
This treatment follows normal solution treatment. Heat to approx 870-890°C for 2 hours per 25mm of thickness and air cool. Stabilisation is recommended for most severe service conditions (above 425°C) and particularly for material annealed at the upper side of the annealing temperature range. The exact treatment must be agreed between supplier and purchaser.
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Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Stainless Steel Grade 303Se (UNS S30323)
Read more:
Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Stainless Steel Grade 303Se (UNS S30323)
Stress Relief of Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Heat to 700°C for 1 to 2 hours and air cool.
These grades cannot be hardened by thermal treatment.
Welding of Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Excellent weldability by all standard fusion methods, both with and without filler metals. AS 1554.6 pre-qualifies welding of 321 and 347 with Grades 347 or 347Si rods or electrodes.
"Dual Certification" of Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Plate is commonly dual-certified as 321 and 321H, suitable for high temperature applications.
Typical Applications of Stainless Steel Grade 321, Grade 321H and Grade 347
Expansion joints. Bellows. Furnace parts. Heating element tubing. Heat exchangers. Screens for high temperatures. Spiral welded tube for burner pipes and flues.
These properties are specified for flat rolled product (plate, sheet and coil) in ASTM A240/A240M. Similar but not necessarily identical properties are specified for other products such as pipe in their respective specifications.
COLLECTION OF COMMON STAINLESS STEEL GRADE
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